The C.N.R. Project

The Chung's Negative Resistance experiment

Created on 05-20-01 - JLN Labs - Last update 09-17-03
All informations in this page are published free and are intended for private/educational purposes and not for commercial applications

<< In a July 9, 1998, at the 5th International Conference on Composites Engineering in Las Vegas, Dr. Deborah D. L. Chung, professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering at University at Buffalo (UB), reported that she had observed apparent negative resistance in interfaces between layers of carbon fibers in a composite material. Professor Chung holds the Niagara Mohawk Chair in Materials Research at UB and is internationally recognized for her work in smart materials and carbon composites. The negative resistance was observed in a direction perpendicular to the fiber layers. A paper describing the research was submitted by Chung to a peer-reviewed journal, and a patent application was filed by the University. >> Document source "On Extracting Electromagnetic Energy from the Vacuum," IC-2000, by Tom Bearden

Now, On May 19th, 2001, I have been able to replicate successfully the Chung's Negative Resistance (CNR). You will find in these pages all informations and datas about the CNR experiment that I have done. The CNR experiment has been conducted so as to be closer to the original Chung's design which is fully described in the paper "Apparent negative electrical resistance in carbon fiber composites," by Shoukai Wang and D.D.L. Chung - Composites, Part B, Vol. 30, 1999, p. 579-590.

"Electrical Behavior of Carbon Fiber Polymer-Matrix Composites in the Through-Thickness Direction" by Shoukai Wang and D.D.L. Chung, J. Mater. Sci. 35(1), 91-100 (2000).

• The main CNR experiment : An Apparent Negative Resistance has been measured successfully
• CNR v6.0 tests : A four-lamina carbon fiber composite
• The CNR photos album
• How to build and test yourself the CNR
• How to build and test yourself a four-lamina composite CNR
• The CNR simulation
• Drift-diffusion balance explains `negative resistance' of material by Nadya Anscombe ( Electronics Times )
• US5059582: Superconductor-metal laminates and method of making ( FULL patent ) by Chung; Deborah
• Industrial Inventions from the DOE Energy Related Inventions Program (ERIP) : Carbon Fiber Metal Matrix Composite Superconductor Sandwich (Chung)

CNR builders reports and tests feedback :

• A successful CNR replication by Roger Burley

• How to build and test yourself a Negative Differential Resistance Oscillator
• NDR Oscillator tests with Load

NDR builders reports and tests feedback :

• A successful NDR replication by Roger Burley

Documents references and Press releases :

1. "Apparent negative electrical resistance in carbon fiber composites," by Shoukai Wang and D.D.L. Chung - Composites, Part B, Vol. 30, 1999, p. 579-590.
2. "Electrical Behavior of Carbon Fiber Polymer-Matrix Composites in the Through-Thickness Direction" by Shoukai Wang and D.D.L. Chung, J. Mater. Sci. 35(1), 91-100 (2000).
3. Research Focusing On Mechanism Behind Observation of Negative Electrical Resistance by Ellen Goldbaum ( UB )
4. New level in 'smart' materials; Carbon composite is semiconductor, Chung discovers by Ellen Goldbaum ( UB )
5. "On Extracting Electromagnetic Energy from the Vacuum," IC-2000, by Tom Bearden
6. Astonishing Breakthrough - New Electronics Industry Born - Sighting
7. 'Negative resistance' surprises material scientists by PhysicWeb News
8. Dr. Deborah Chung's Negative Resistor by Tom Bearden
9. UB Scientist Discovers Carbon Composite is a Semiconductor
10. Holy Grail of electricity claimed by Human Interest Headlines
11. Negative-resistance Device Using Organic-dye-doped Polymer Film by A. Kawamoto, Y. Suzuoki and T. Mizutani
12. Drift-diffusion balance explains `negative resistance' of material by Nadya Anscombe ( Electronics Times )
13. Industrial Inventions from the DOE Energy Related Inventions Program (ERIP) : Carbon Fiber Metal Matrix Composite Superconductor Sandwich (Chung)

Patents :

• US5059582: Superconductor-metal laminates and method of making ( FULL patent ) by Chung; Deborah - Oct 22h, 1991
• US5990041: Mesoporous activated carbon filaments by Chung; Deborah D. L. - Nov 23h, 1999
• US5817944: Composite material strain/stress sensor by Chung; Deborah D. L. - Oct 6th, 1998
• WO9610901A1: Metal filaments for electromagnetic interference shielding by Chung; Deborah D. L. - Apr 11h, 1996

Carbon Fibers :

• Torayca from Toray Carbon Fiber America, Inc
• Carbon fibers from Torayca ( Products Datasheets )
• Fibre Glast ( Carbon fiber )
• R&G Faserverbundwerkstoffe ( see Ref : 205-105-2 )
• Grafil Inc, Carbon fibers spec sheets

Some Technical informations :

• The Van der Pol Negative Resistance Oscillator by R. Victor Jones ( Harvard University )
• About Negative Resistance Oscillators by the University of St. Andrews

Negative Differential Resistance (NDR) researches in Carbon Nanotubes :

• Negative Differential Resistance (NDR) in Carbon Nanotubes by Yayi Wei and Gyula Eres
• Negative differential resistance in the scanning-tunneling spectroscopy of organic molecules - Yongqiang Xue, Supriyo Datta, Seunghun Hong, R. Reifenberger, Jason I. Henderson, and Clifford P. Kubiak- Physical Review B (Condensed Matter and Materials Physics) -- March 15, 1999 -- Volume 59, Issue 12 pp. R7852-R7855
• Room-Temperature Negative Differential Resistance in Nanoscale Molecular Junctions", J. Chen, W. Wang, M. A. Reed, M. Rawlett, D. W. Price, and J. M. Tour, Appl. Phys. Lett., 77, 1224 (2000).
• The Nanotube site
• About Carbon Nanotubes by IBM
• Carbon Nanotubes researches by the Nanoscale Science Laboratory ( University of Cambridge )

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